Lecanemab and donanemab, new antibody drugs targeting amyloid plaques, have demonstrated modest but meaningful slowing of Alzheimer's progression in clinical trials. The FDA approved both medications despite controversy over benefit-risk balance.
Trial data shows the drugs slow cognitive decline by approximately 27-35% over 18 months in patients with early-stage Alzheimer's. While not a cure, this represents the first treatments to address disease progression rather than just symptoms.
"These drugs offer hope where we previously had none," said neurologist Dr. James Watson. "For the first time, we can potentially slow the disease course, giving patients more time with their families."
Safety concerns include brain swelling and bleeding in approximately 13% of patients. Regular MRI monitoring is required, adding to the treatment burden and cost. Annual drug costs exceed $26,000 before monitoring expenses.
Access remains limited. The drugs are only appropriate for early-stage patients with confirmed amyloid plaques. Many patients are not diagnosed until later stages when the medications are ineffective.
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